Docker容器bridge网络模式下容器间无法通信的完整排查与解决方案

# 查看所有容器状态
docker ps -a

# 查看运行中的容器
docker ps

# 检查容器详细信息
docker inspect 容器名

# 查看Docker网络列表
docker network ls

# 查看网络详细信息
docker network inspect bridge

# 查看容器网络配置
docker inspect 容器名 --format '{{json .NetworkSettings.Networks}}' | jq

# 查看容器IP地址
docker inspect 容器名 --format '{{range .NetworkSettings.Networks}}{{.IPAddress}}{{end}}'

# 如果使用docker-compose
cat docker-compose.yml | grep -A5 networks

# 如果使用docker run
docker ps --format "{{.Names}}" | xargs -I {} docker inspect {} --format '{{.Name}}: {{.HostConfig.NetworkMode}}'

# 检查所有容器的网络模式
for container in $(docker ps -q); do
    name=$(docker inspect --format '{{.Name}}' $container)
    mode=$(docker inspect --format '{{.HostConfig.NetworkMode}}' $container)
    echo "$name: $mode"
done

# 将运行中的容器连接到bridge网络
docker network connect bridge 容器名

# 或者重新创建容器并指定网络
docker run -d --network bridge --name 容器名 镜像名

# 创建自定义bridge网络
docker network create \
  --driver bridge \
  --subnet 172.25.0.0/16 \
  --gateway 172.25.0.1 \
  app-network

# 将容器连接到新网络
docker network connect app-network 容器名

# 验证网络连接
docker network inspect app-network

# 查看所有网络
docker network ls

# 查看容器网络详情
for c in $(docker ps -q); do
    echo "=== $(docker inspect --format '{{.Name}}' $c) ==="
    docker inspect $c --format '{{json .NetworkSettings.Networks}}' | jq
done

# 创建应用网络
docker network create app-network --driver bridge --subnet 172.20.0.0/16

# 连接所有需要的容器
docker network connect app-network web
docker network connect app-network api
docker network connect app-network db

# 测试容器间通信
docker exec -it web ping -c 3 api
docker exec -it api ping -c 3 db

# 测试服务访问
docker exec -it web curl http://api:端口号/health
docker exec -it api curl http://db:5432

#!/bin/bash

echo "========== Docker网络连通性排查 =========="

echo ""
echo "[1/7] 检查Docker网络列表..."
docker network ls

echo ""
echo "[2/7] 检查容器网络模式..."
for container in $(docker ps --format "{{.Names}}"); do
    mode=$(docker inspect --format '{{.HostConfig.NetworkMode}}' $container)
    ip=$(docker inspect --format '{{range .NetworkSettings.Networks}}{{.IPAddress}}{{end}}' $container)
    echo "  $container: mode=$mode, ip=$ip"
done

echo ""
echo "[3/7] 检查bridge网络容器连接..."
docker network inspect bridge | grep -A5 Containers || echo "  无容器连接到bridge网络"

echo ""
echo "[4/7] 测试容器间连通性..."
containers=$(docker ps --format "{{.Names}}" | head -2)
if [ $(echo "$containers" | wc -l) -ge 2 ]; then
    c1=$(echo "$containers" | sed -n '1p')
    c2=$(echo "$containers" | sed -n '2p')
    echo "  测试 $c1 -> $c2..."
    docker exec $c1 ping -c 1 -W 1 $c2 2>&1 || echo "  连接失败"
fi

echo ""
echo "[5/7] 检查DNS解析..."
if docker exec web getent hosts api 2>/dev/null; then
    echo "  DNS解析正常"
else
    echo "  DNS解析失败"
fi

echo ""
echo "[6/7] 检查端口映射..."
docker ps --format "{{.Names}}: {{.Ports}}" | grep -v ":$" || echo "  无端口映射"

echo ""
echo "[7/7] 检查网络驱动状态..."
docker network ls | grep bridge

echo ""
echo "========== 排查完成 =========="

# 创建内部网络（禁止外部访问）
docker network create --internal internal-network

# 只允许需要的容器加入
docker network connect internal-network 容器A

# 动态连接网络
docker network connect my-network 容器名

# 断开网络连接
docker network disconnect my-network 容器名